Autoimmune Myositis

Various categories of inflammatory myositis commonly known as Dermatomyositis are diagnosed and most of them have specific antibodies for diagnosis. Broadly inflammatory myositis presents with: rash, arthritis, change in color of digits on exposure to cold, difficulty in swallowing food, proximal muscle weakness (difficulty in climbing stairs, combing hair, getting up from the chair), lung involvement (ILD), etc. These diseases have to be diagnosed and treated early by a rheumatologist as they can be life-threatening. 

Anti-phospholipid syndrome – this entity is characterized by repeated thrombotic episodes like DVT, cardiovascular strokes, thromboembolism of any vessel, etc. if a young woman is suffering from repeated abortions then APLA syndrome should be ruled out. Skin changes are also characteristic. This entity should be diagnosed early as it can be life-threatening. Anti-phospholipid antibodies are usually monitored for diagnosis and assessment of disease.